The New Covenant

OLD COVENANT NEW COVENANT
Earthly priest

Hebrews 8:1

Leviticus 2:2 bring the offering to the priest

Heavenly priest

Hebrews 8:1

Colossians 3:1-4

Luke 21:28

Revelation 22:12

2 Timothy 4:8

Man-made tabernacle

Hebrews 8:2,9:11,21

Exodus 25:9

Lord’s body

Hebrews 8:2,9:11,21

Matthew 1:20

2 Corinthians 5:1

2 Peter 1:13-14

Priest ordained to offer animals

Hebrews 8:3-5

Priest ordained to offer himself

Hebrews 8:3-5

Isaiah 53:10-11

Acts 10:37-43

Worse things

Hebrews 8:6-7

Lesser ministry, worse covenant, worse promises. The second is established b/c the first was faulty.

Better things

Hebrews 8:6-7

More excellent ministry, better covenant, better promises. The second is established b/c the first was faulty. When is this new covenant established? But now

Faulty

Hebrews 8:8

God would contend with the people of the first covenant to keep them in line.

(Address the house of Israel and Judah. There are no divine eternal covenants made with Gentiles. All covenants are made with Israel. If you’re a part of God’s covenant, it was a covenant made with Israel. This does NOT mean heathen Gentile people don’t participate in covenants. All covenants God makes after Noah are with people biologically related to Abraham. Romans 9:4 Who are Israelites to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the COVENANTS, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises. Again, this does NOT mean there is no Gentile participation. There were Gentiles that participated in the old covenant God made with Israel through Moses. All of God’s blessings are to the Jew first, THEN to the Gentile. Paul reiterates that over and over in Romans. It’s not the Jew ONLY, it’s the Jew FIRST. Then it’s explained that Gentiles are graffed into the same root, heathens become fellow-heirs, having abolished in the flesh the enmity and making peace in one body of Jew and Gentile according to Ephesians. Look at Ephesians 2:11-13. Notice the same But now as Hebrews says it. It’s made w/Israel and Judah b/c the covenant is made in Jesus Christ. He is the Hebrew this covenant is made with. John 17 explains the relationship.)

Faultless

Hebrews 8:8

God is at peace with the people of the new covenant because you must agree with God in order to be a part of this covenant. This faith is not a new principle; Hebrews 11.

(Address the house of Israel and Judah. There are no divine eternal covenants made with Gentiles. All covenants are made with Israel. If you’re a part of God’s covenant, it was a covenant made with Israel. This does NOT mean heathen Gentile people don’t participate in covenants. All covenants God makes after Noah are with people biologically related to Abraham. Romans 9:4 Who are Israelites to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the COVENANTS, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises. Again, this does NOT mean there is no Gentile participation. There were Gentiles that participated in the old covenant God made with Israel through Moses. All of God’s blessings are to the Jew first, THEN to the Gentile. Paul reiterates that over and over in Romans. It’s not the Jew ONLY, it’s the Jew FIRST. Then it’s explained that Gentiles are graffed into the same root, heathens become fellow-heirs, having abolished in the flesh the enmity and making peace in one body of Jew and Gentile according to Ephesians. Look at Ephesians 2:11-13. Notice the same But now as Hebrews says it. It’s made w/Israel and Judah b/c the covenant is made in Jesus Christ. He is the Hebrew this covenant is made with. John 17 explains the relationship.)

Law in stone

Hebrews 8:9-10

Written in stone

Worship at Jerusalem John 4:23

Law in hearts

Hebrews 8:9-10

Written in people; 2 Corinthians 3:2-16

Worship in spirit and truth in John 4:23

(Acts shows the Spirit poured out on all flesh and this is the controversy with the Jews, even believing Jews.)

Must be taught the knowledge of God

Hebrews 8:11

This is a result of how the covenant is entered. Under the old covenant a person entered by birth meaning they begin not knowing why they are considered part of that covenant with God. They must be taught. 

Deuteronomy 6:6-9

Hosea 4:1-6

Jeremiah 9:24

All have the knowledge of God

Hebrews 8:11

In the new covenant a person must personally have the knowledge of God. This means a person must accept and understand that Jesus Christ is the Son of God.

John 6:45

Matthew 16:13-20

John 17:3

2 Corinthians 4:6

Colossians 1:10

2 Peter 1:2

1 John 2:20-27

Atonement, but no forgiveness

Hebrews 8:12

Cycles of judgment, Babylonian captivity, famine, Assyrians. Remember, the Hebrews are a congregation of God’s people who as a nation are not forgiven, but God creates a new congregation of forgiven people in Christ. 

Forgiveness

Hebrews 8:12

Acts 5:29-32,42 (they’re preaching Christ) Acts 13:36-42, 26:16-18

Ephesians 1:7

Father, forgive them…

The blasphemy of the Holy Ghost is based on this forgiveness in Jesus Christ.

Old and decaying covenant

Hebrews 8:13

Decaying and vanishing

Daniel 9:24-27

Revelation 17-18

New and everlasting covenant

Hebrews 8:13

Ezekiel 16:60-63

Matthew 9:15-17 (Mk.2:19-22, Lk.5:36-39)

Jesus said he is not putting better promises, a better covenant, a better ministry in the old, faulty, decaying system.

1 Corinthians 5:7

2 Corinthians 5:17

Hebrews 12:22-25

The Way was typified

Hebrews 9:1-8

Worldly sanctuary

The Way is made

Hebrews 9:1-8

Heavenly way

John 14:6

Veil of the temple is rent at Jesus’ death

Blood of bulls and goats

Hebrews 9:7-14, 10:5-12

Blood of the LORD Jesus Christ

Hebrews 9:7-14, 10:5-12

Mediator is a sinner

Hebrews 9:7, 14-15, 24

Mediator is Jesus Christ

Hebrews 9:7, 14-15, 24-25, 12:24

1 Timothy 2:5

Isaiah 42:5-10, 49:5-12

Remembrance of sins

Hebrews 9:9-25

This is about the Father remembering sin, not man.

The offerings are temporary

The ordinances keep the body clean.

Dead works are just ordinances that eventually end in death for every participant. 

Galatians 3:19-21

Purging the conscience

Hebrews 9:9-25

This is about the Father forgetting sin, not man.

The offering is eternal

The ordinances sanctify through the Spirit

1 Timothy 1:5, 19, 3:9

1 Peter 3:21

Could not perfect the saints

Hebrews 10:1-4

Matthew 21:43

Perfecting the saints

Hebrews 10:1-4, 14-22

Enter boldly with confidence

Ephesians 4:12-16

Entered by physical birth (racial)

Hebrews 10:38-39

Ezekiel 18

Matthew 3:9-12

Ezekiel 11:13-23 while the Israelites were claiming promises, Ezekiel prophesies against them.

Romans 2:28-29, 9:7-8

John 8:33-39

Revelation 2:9, 3:9

Entered by faith (personal)

Hebrews 10:38-39

(Hebrews 11 is clear that Jews were received because of their faith)

Psalm 18:2

Proverbs 3:5

Isaiah 50:10

Jeremiah 39:18

Nahum 1:7

How did Israelites keep the law when the temple was destroyed in Jeremiah and Daniel’s day for instance? Where did they bring their sacrifices? The answer to that question shows you the issue has always been trusting God.