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| NEW COVENANT | OLD COVENANT |
| Heavenly priest
Hebrews 8:1 Colossians 3:1-4 Luke 21:28 Revelation 22:12 2 Timothy 4:8 |
Earthly priest
Hebrews 8:1 Leviticus 2:2 bring the offering to the priest |
| Lord’s body
Hebrews 8:2,9:11,21 Matthew 1:20 2 Corinthians 5:1 2 Peter 1:13-14 |
Man-made tabernacle
Hebrews 8:2,9:11,21 Exodus 25:9 |
| Ordained to offer himself
Hebrews 8:3-5 Isaiah 53:10-11 Acts 10:37-43 |
Ordained to offer animals
Hebrews 8:3-5 |
| Better things
Hebrews 8:6-7 More excellent ministry, better covenant, better promises. The second is established b/c the first was faulty. When is this new covenant established? But now |
Worse things
Hebrews 8:6-7 Lesser ministry, worse covenant, worse promises. The second is established b/c the first was faulty. |
| Faultless
Hebrews 8:8 God is at peace with the people of the new covenant because you must agree with God in order to be a part of this covenant. This faith is not a new principle; Hebrews 11. (Address the house of Israel and Judah. There are no divine eternal covenants made with Gentiles. All covenants are made with Israel. If you’re a part of God’s covenant, it was a covenant made with Israel. This does NOT mean heathen Gentile people don’t participate in covenants. All covenants God makes after Noah are with people biologically related to Abraham. Romans 9:4 Who are Israelites to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the COVENANTS, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises. Again, this does NOT mean there is no Gentile participation. There were Gentiles that participated in the old covenant God made with Israel through Moses. All of God’s blessings are to the Jew first, THEN to the Gentile. Paul reiterates that over and over in Romans. It’s not the Jew ONLY, it’s the Jew FIRST. Then it’s explained that Gentiles are graffed into the same root, heathens become fellow-heirs, having abolished in the flesh the enmity and making peace in one body of Jew and Gentile according to Ephesians. Look at Ephesians 2:11-13. Notice the same But now as Hebrews says it. It’s made w/Israel and Judah b/c the covenant is made in Jesus Christ. He is the Hebrew this covenant is made with. John 17 explains the relationship.) |
Faulty
Hebrews 8:8 God would contend with the people of the first covenant to keep them in line. (Address the house of Israel and Judah. There are no divine eternal covenants made with Gentiles. All covenants are made with Israel. If you’re a part of God’s covenant, it was a covenant made with Israel. This does NOT mean heathen Gentile people don’t participate in covenants. All covenants God makes after Noah are with people biologically related to Abraham. Romans 9:4 Who are Israelites to whom pertaineth the adoption, and the glory, and the COVENANTS, and the giving of the law, and the service of God, and the promises. Again, this does NOT mean there is no Gentile participation. There were Gentiles that participated in the old covenant God made with Israel through Moses. All of God’s blessings are to the Jew first, THEN to the Gentile. Paul reiterates that over and over in Romans. It’s not the Jew ONLY, it’s the Jew FIRST. Then it’s explained that Gentiles are graffed into the same root, heathens become fellow-heirs, having abolished in the flesh the enmity and making peace in one body of Jew and Gentile according to Ephesians. Look at Ephesians 2:11-13. Notice the same But now as Hebrews says it. It’s made w/Israel and Judah b/c the covenant is made in Jesus Christ. He is the Hebrew this covenant is made with. John 17 explains the relationship.) |
| Law in hearts
Hebrews 8:9-10 Written in people; 2 Corinthians 3:2-16 Worship in spirit and truth in John 4:23 (Acts shows the Spirit poured out on all flesh and this is the controversy with the Jews, even believing Jews.) |
Law in stone
Hebrews 8:9-10 Written in stone Worship at Jerusalem John 4:23 |
| All have the knowledge of God
Hebrews 8:11 In the new covenant a person must personally have the knowledge of God. This means a person must accept and understand that Jesus Christ is the Son of God. John 6:45 Matthew 16:13-20 John 17:3 2 Corinthians 4:6 Colossians 1:10 2 Peter 1:2 1 John 2:20-27 |
Must be taught the knowledge of God
Hebrews 8:11 This is a result of how the covenant is entered. Under the old covenant a person entered by birth meaning they begin not knowing why they are considered part of that covenant with God. They must be taught. Deuteronomy 6:6-9 Hosea 4:1-6 Jeremiah 9:24 |
| Forgiveness
Hebrews 8:12 Acts 5:29-32,42 (they’re preaching Christ) Acts 13:36-42, 26:16-18 Ephesians 1:7 Father, forgive them… The blasphemy of the Holy Ghost is based on this forgiveness in Jesus Christ. |
Atonement, but no forgiveness
Hebrews 8:12 Cycles of judgment, Babylonian captivity, famine, Assyrians. Remember, the Hebrews are a congregation of God’s people who as a nation are not forgiven, but God creates a new congregation of forgiven people in Christ. |
| New and everlasting covenant
Hebrews 8:13 Ezekiel 16:60-63 Matthew 9:15-17 (Mk.2:19-22, Lk.5:36-39) Jesus said he is not putting better promises, a better covenant, a better ministry in the old, faulty, decaying system. 1 Corinthians 5:7 2 Corinthians 5:17 Hebrews 12:22-25 |
Old and decaying covenant
Hebrews 8:13 Decaying and vanishing Daniel 9:24-27 Revelation 17-18 |
| Way into the holiest is made
Hebrews 9:1-8 Heavenly way John 14:6 |
Way was only typified
Hebrews 9:1-8 Worldly sanctuary |
| Blood of the LORD Jesus Christ
Hebrews 9:7-14, 10:5-12 |
Blood of bulls and goats
Hebrews 9:7-14, 10:5-12 |
| Mediator is Jesus Christ
Hebrews 9:7, 14-15, 24-25, 12:24 1 Timothy 2:5 Isaiah 42:5-10, 49:5-12 |
Mediator is a sinner
Hebrews 9:7, 14-15, 24 |
| Purging the conscience
Hebrews 9:9-25 The offering is eternal The ordinances sanctify through the Spirit 1 Timothy 1:5, 19, 3:9 1 Peter 3:21 |
Remembrance of sins
Hebrews 9:9-25 The offerings are temporary The ordinances keep the body clean. Dead works are just ordinances that eventually end in death for every participant. Galatians 3:19-21 |
| Perfecting the saints
Hebrews 10:1-4, 14-22 Enter boldly with confidence Ephesians 4:12-16 |
Could not perfect the saints
Hebrews 10:1-4 Matthew 21:43 |
| Entered by faith (personal)
Hebrews 10:38-39 (Hebrews 11 is clear that acceptable Hebrews were received because of their faith) Psalm 18:2 Proverbs 3:5 Isaiah 50:10 Jeremiah 39:18 Nahum 1:7 How did Israelites keep the law when the temple or tabernacle was destroyed in Jeremiah and Daniel’s day for instance? Where did they bring their sacrifices? The answer to that question shows you the issue has always been trusting God. |
Entered by physical birth (racial)
Hebrews 10:38-39 Ezekiel 18 Matthew 3:9-12 Ezekiel 11:13-23 while the Israelites were claiming promises, Ezekiel prophesies against them. Romans 2:28-29, 9:7-8 John 8:33-39 Revelation 2:9, 3:9 |
